World War 1 CAUSES

The Global/Great War (1914-1918) 

Allied Powers Vs central Powers :- 

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Allied Powers:- Russia, France, USA, UK , Japan 

Central Powers:-  Austria - Hungary, Germany, Ottoman Empire , Italy

Causes:-  MAIN

1. M- Militarism
2. A- Alliance System
3. I-Imperialism
4. N- Nationalism 

Militarism : - Tanks, Army size, Machine Guns, Arms , Large and Naval Ships mainly in Britain and Germany . Competition between Military caused this War. 

Alliance System :-Multiple Alliance were made to maintain Balance of Power. 

 Triple Alliance treaty  ( Germany, Austria- Hungary and Italy) signed in 1882

Triple Entente treaty (Britain(UK) , Russia, France) signed in 1904 

After few years, Italy changed his team to Allied Powers 

Imperialism :- All West European countries were wanting to make colonies in Asia and Africa. Britain lead. Africa captured in 1880. All others followed him. Britain got a huge manpower from India, Asia and Europe. 

Nationalism:- Nationalism started in all over European to get Independence., causing WW1. 

Russia attacked Ottoman Empire because he wanted to capture Strait of Dardanelles. 

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EVENTS leading to WW1 :- JULY CRISIS :-

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1) Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary was murdered by Bosnian (SARAJEVO) nationalist Gavrilo Principe and other members of Black Hand on 28 June 1914. 

 Serbia had helped Bosnia in this incident.  So, Serbia was warned by Austria-Hungary to get surrendered without war. 

2) Slavic people lived in Russia and Serbia. So, Russia supported Serbia. 

3) As, Germany had already signed a treaty with Austria- Hungary in 1882. So, He supported Austria- Hungary. 

4) Then, Austria-Hungary waged a war against Serbia.  1st country to declare war in WW1 is Austria-Hungary.

5) Thereafter, Russia waged a war against Germany. 

6) Also, France had already signed a Triple Entente treaty with Russia. So, France also waged a war against Germany. 

7) Italy remained neutral because he said Austria-hungary had signed a treaty with him according to which he will support Austria- Hungary only if someone attacks him.. But here, Austria-Hungary is attacking Serbia. 

8) Germany chosen to attack France instead of Russia because he knew He may not defeated Russia. Then He marched through Belgium towards France. He didn't marched directly to France. 

9) But, Britain had already signed a treaty with Belgium in 1838 as Treaty of London. So, He supported Belgium and attacked Germany. 

Britain had a  huge win against 3 lakh russian army and defeated France unless Britain joined Belgium and France. 

10) Now, Ottoman Empire attacked Russia because they were old enemies Ottoman tried to capture Suez Canal ( a British lnk to India )

If Ottoman were successful in capturing Suez Canal, then Britain may have lost WW1. But this did not happen.  

A large no.of soldiers died due to diseases in Trenches between France and Germany.

In the Battle of Somme, 80k soldiers were killed in 1 day. 

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Its GLOBAL WAR because :- 

>>  France and England attacked German colonies in Africa, Japan attacked German colonies >>  China and Micronesia .because Japan had also signed  a treaty with UK earlier. 

>>  Ottoman Empire attacked Black sea ports of Russia. 

>>  Gallipoli was attacked by Allied Powers. There staying Australian and new Zealand armies were there defeated by the allied powers

>>  Naval war in between Germany and Britain. German attacked civilian passengers U-boats. >>  So, America joined in 1917. Earlier he didn't want to join UK in 1914. 

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INDIANS in WW1 :-

1.3 millions Indians served under British army in France , Iraq, and Egypt. India Gate memorial is built in their memory.India Gate memorial also made to remember Warriors of Anglo- Afghan War.